138 – Antoninus Pius succeeds Hadrian as Emperor of Rome
1798 – US Marine Corps established by an act of Congress
1862 – Lincoln appoints General Halleck general-in-chief
1877 – Kate Edger becomes New Zealand’s first woman graduate and first woman in the British Empire to earn a Bachelor of Arts
1893 – The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kokichi Mikimoto
1941 – German troops attack Dnjepr
1960 – Czechoslovakia adopts Constitution
1971 – Chilean parliament nationalizes American copper mines
1982 – FIFA World Cup Final, Santiago Bernabéu, Madrid, Spain: Italy beats West Germany, 3-1 in front of 90,000
1991 – Nigeria Airways DC-8 crashes at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, killing all 261 passengers and crew on board