1155 – Pope Adrian IV crowns Frederick I Barbarossa Roman-German Emperor
1574 – Polish King Hendrik of Anjou secretly leaves Poland
1580 – States of Utrecht forbid Catholic worship
1583 – Richard Martin of London takes out first life insurance policy, on William Gibbons; premium was £383
1946 – Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a Socialist calls for a Direct Action Day against the Portuguese in Goa. A road is named after this date in Panjim
1977 – Space Shuttle test model “Enterprise” carries a crew aloft for 1st time, it was fixed to a modified Boeing 747
1987 – Charles Glass, ABC journalist, kidnapped in Lebanon
2001 – Protests occur in Manipur over the extension of the ceasefire between Naga insurgents and the government of India
2014 – King Juan Carlos I of Spain abdicates the Spanish throne to make way for his son Felipe VI
2021 – Jurist and conservative Ebrahim Raisi elected President of Iran on a low turn out