1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle – King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold of the war
1749 – Earl of Chesterfield says “Idleness is only refuge of weak minds”
1907 – A train wreck on the Pere Marquette Railroad near Salem, Michigan kills thirty and injures seventy more
1944 – General Eisenhower visits Montgomery’s headquarter in Normandy
1961 – French military forces break the Tunisian siege of Bizerte
1968 – Iron Butterfly’s “In-a-gadda-da-vida” becomes 1st heavy metal song to hit charts, it comes in at #117
1989 – 93°F, highest overnight low ever recorded in Phoenix Arizona
1998 – Two hundred aid workers from CARE International, Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) and other aid groups leave Afghanistan on orders of the Taliban
2001 – “Spirited Away ” written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki is released in Japan (Academy Award Best Animated Feature 2003)
2015 – British Open Men’s Golf, St. Andrews: American Zach Johnson wins in a 4-hole play-off with Australian Marc Leishman and Louis Oosthuizen of South Africa