1902 – In Turkey, the Sultan Abdul-Hamid, under pressure from within the Ottoman Empire, appoints a commission to consider reforms that might pacify Macedonian revolutionaries
1908 – American Johnny Hayes wins the London Olympic marathon in a Games record time of 2:55:18.4 after Dorando Pietri of Italy is disqualified for receiving assistance before the finish line
1946 – US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Bikini Atoll
1952 – US President Harry Truman settles 53-day steel strike
1959 – 500,000th Dutch TV set registered
1967 – Race riots in Cambridge, Maryland
2017 – Polish President Andrzej Duda vetoes two laws to put Polish courts under political control
2023 – Wildfires across Algeria kill at least 34 people amid temperatures of 48°C (118°F)