1848 – Alfred Russel Wallace departs the U.K. for South America, beginning four years of travel, collecting, and research in the region
1865 – Confederate General J E Johnston surrenders Army of Tennessee, at Durham, North Carolina
1971 – San Francisco lightship replaced by automatic buoy
1971 – Heaviest rains ever in Bahia district of Brazil, 15″ in 24 hrs
1974 – Landslide in Huancavelica Province Peru creates a natural dam
1984 – Liverpool’s Cavern Club reopens
1986 – Game between Angels and Twins delayed for 9 minutes by strong winds
1991 – 23 killed in Kansas and Oklahoma by tornadoes
2002 – Robert Steinhäuser infiltrates and kills 17 at Gutenberg-Gymnasium in Erfurt, Germany before dying of a self-inflicted gunshot.
2012 – Indonesia suspends imports of American beef after a confirmed case of mad cow disease in California