1253 – Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk, propounds Nam Myoho Renge Kyo for the first time and declares it to be the essence of Buddhism, in effect founding Nichiren Buddhism.
1770 – British Captain James Cook, aboard the Endeavour, lands at Botany Bay in Australia
1965 – Richard Helms replaces Marshall S. Carter as deputy director of CIA
1965 – Lindsey Nelson broadcasts baseball game at Astrodome from a hanging gondola
1966 – OCAM, Common Afro-Mauritian Organization forms
1967 – Muhammad Ali refuses induction into army and stripped of boxing title
1983 – Argentine government declares all 15-30,000 missing persons dead
1993 – Carlo Ciampi forms Italian government with ex-communists
1997 – “Jekyll and Hyde” opens at Plymouth Theater NYC
2020 – US confirmed cases of COVID-19 pass 1 million, while death toll of 58,365 surpasses that of US soldiers killed in Vietnam War (Johns Hopkins)